Iimoto zombane ziye zasuswa ngakumbi kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nabaqhubi ngakumbi nangakumbi bekhetha ezinye iindlela zokusingqongileyo ezizezindlu zemveli. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye le moto ye-100%? Kweli nqaku, siza kuqhuba kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yento eyenza imoto i-100% yombane, kubandakanya itekhnoloji emva kwayo kunye nezibonelelo eziboniswayo. Siza kuphonononga iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeemoto zombane eziyi-100% ezikhoyo kwimarike namhlanje, kwiimoto zedolophu ezicekeceke kwiimodeli ezinqabileyo. Ukongeza, siza kuthetha ngokubaluleka kokutshaja kweziseko ze-100% yeemoto zombane kunye nokuba inkqubela-phambili kule ndawo iyenza ibe lula kunangaphambili kwaye isebenze imoto. Nokuba ucinga ukuba ukutshintshela kumbane okanye ukufuna ukwazi malunga netekhnoloji yobutsha, eli nqaku liza kukubonelela ngeengqondo ezixabisekileyo kwihlabathi le-100% yeemoto zombane.
Iimoto zombane zizithuthi eziqhutywa kuphela kumandla ombane. Yintoni eyenza imoto i-100% yombane ixhomekeke kwimoto yombane ye-Propulsion, endaweni ye-injini yendabuko yemveli. Ezi moto zixhotyiswa ziibhetri ezinokuphinda zifumaneke, ezigcina umbane ofunekayo ukuqhuba imoto.
Enye yezinto eziphambili zeemoto zombane kukubambukeli. Ngokuqhuba ngombane, bavelisa ukukhutshwa kwe-zero, kubenza bacoceke enye indlela ezicocekileyo kwizithuthi ezenziwa ngegesi. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi njengoko umhlaba ujonge ukunciphisa i-carbon yonyawo lwe-carbon kunye nokulwa utshintsho lwemozulu.
Ukongeza ekubeni ngcono kwindalo, iimoto zombane zibonelela ngexabiso lendleko ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ngelixa zinokuba neendleko eziphezulu zokuphakama xa zithelekiswa nezithuthi zemveli, zihlala zixabiso eliphantsi ukuze zisebenze kwaye zilondoloze. Ngamalungu ambalwa ahambayo kwaye akukho mfuneko ye-petroli, abanini banokungagcina imali kwiindleko zepetroli kunye nezolondolozo ngaphezulu kobomi besithuthi.
Enye inzuzo yeemoto zombane kukwenziwa kwazo okuzolileyo negudileyo. Ngaphandle kwengxolo kunye needrafti ezinxulumene nenjini yemveli, iimoto zombane zinika amava oxolo ngakumbi enoxolo. Bakwabonelela nge-torque enye, ibenza bakhawuleze kwaye baphendule endleleni.
Iimoto zombane ziya zisanda njengoko abantu befuna iindlela zokuhamba ngokusingqongileyo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeemoto zombane eziyi-100% ezikhoyo kwintengiso namhlanje. Uhlobo olunye sisithuthi sombane sebhetri (i-Bev), esibaleka kuphela ngombane esigciniweyo kwipakethi enkulu. Ii-Bevs zivelisa ukukhutshwa kwe-zero kwaye kuthathwa njengenye yeendlela ezicocekileyo zothutho.
Olunye uhlobo lwemoto yombane yi-plug-inququ yombane (iphev), edibanisa i-injini ye-injini yepetrol. Ii-phevs zinokuhlawuliswa ngokuchwetheza kwikhukhi okanye ngokusebenzisa injini ye-petroli njengomthombo wamandla ogcino. Oku kuvumela abaqhubi ukuba batshintshe phakathi kwegunya lombane kunye ne-petroli kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zabo zokuqhuba.
Uhlobo lwesithathu lwemoto yombane yimoto yombane ye-Hydrogen Imoto (fcev), esebenzisa igesi ye-hydrogen ukuvelisa umbane ukuba isebenze ngamandla emoto. I-FCevs ikhupha kuphela umphunga wamanzi kuphela njenge-byproduct, ibenze ukuba ibe yi-Ero-Ukhetho lokuphuma. Ngelixa i-FCEVS iseyintsha kwimarike, inika enye indlela ethembisayo kwizithuthi ezenziwe ngemveli.
Njengoko imfuno yeemoto zombane iyaqhubeka nokuphakama, imfuneko yesiseko esinokuthenjwa nesisebenzayo sokuhlawula sibaluleke ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Ngenjongo yenguqu ukuya kwi-100% yezithuthi zombane, kubalulekile ukuba nenethiwekhi yezikhululo zokuhlawula ezifikeleleka ngokulula kubo bonke abaqhubi.
Ukuba nezixhobo zokuhlawula ezoqoqosho endaweni yokuba kungafumani kuphela ixhala labanini beemoto zombane kodwa likwakhuthaza abantu abaninzi ukuba benze i-switch yendlela yokuhamba okusingqongileyo. Ngorhwebo lwetekhnoloji, izikhululo zokuhlawulisa ziyaqhubeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisebenze ngakumbi, zivumela abaqhubi ukuba baqhube ngokukhawuleza izithuthi zabo kwaye baqhubeke kuhambo lwabo.
Ukutyala imali kwiziseko zophuhliso ezibanzi kubalulekile ukuba abe ngumzali kwiimoto zombane. Nokuba isekhaya, emsebenzini, okanye kwihambo, nokuba sifikelela kwizikhululo zenkampani ezinokuthenjwa kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yezithuthi zombane. Ngokwandisa inethiwekhi yezikhululo zokuhlawula kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ukufikeleleka kubo bonke abaqhubi, sinokwenza ikamva elizinzileyo lokuhamba.
Iimoto zombane zichazwa ngokuxhomekeka kwabo kumbane, ukukhutshwa kwe-zero, ukonga iindleko, kunye namava okuqhuba ethe cwaka. Njengoko inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, ezi moto ziyafumaneka ngakumbi kwaye zinomdla kubathengi bendalo. Banikezela ukhetho oluzinzileyo oluzinzileyo oluzinzileyo lokunciphisa i-carbon footprint. Ngotyalo-mali olwandayo ezivela kwi-Automake, ikamva lezithuthi zombane zikhangeleka zithembisa. Isitshixo sokukhawulezisa ubuxoki bokuthathwa komntwana abengowomnye umntu okanye abantu ngokusemthethweni ekuphuhliseni iziseko zokuhlawula ukutya ukuze zixhase ezi moto, ziphatheka nekamva lezemva elicocekileyo neluhlaza.
Ixesha leposi: I-24-2024