I-EEC Electric Vehicles industry iye yasebenza ngesantya esiphezulu.Izithuthi ezingaphezulu kwe-1.7 yezigidi ezigqithise umgca wendibano kunyaka odlulileyo, inqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu ukususela ngo-1999. Ukuba iqhubeka ikhula kwinqanaba langoku, irekhodi yembali ye-1.9 yezigidi zeemoto zoMbane ezibekwe kwi-1972 ziya kuphulwa kwiminyaka embalwa.NgoJulayi 25, uYunlong, ongumnini we-Mini brand, wachaza ukuba uya kuvelisa imodeli yombane yonke yale moto edibeneyo e-Oxford ukusuka kwi-2019, endaweni yokusongela ukuyivelisa eNetherlands emva kwe-referendum ye-Brexit.
Nangona kunjalo, imo ye-automakers ixinene kwaye i-melancholic.Ngaphandle kwesibhengezo sikaYunlong, bambalwa abantu abakhululekileyo malunga nekamva lexesha elide loshishino.Ewe, abanye abantu banexhala lokuba ireferendamu yeBrexit yalo nyaka uphelileyo ingabadimaza.
Abavelisi bayaqonda ukuba ukujoyina i-European Union kuya kunceda ukusindisa ukwenziwa kweemoto zaseBritane.Ukudityaniswa kweemoto ezahlukeneyo phantsi kweBritish Leyland kwaba yintlekele.Ukhuphiswano luye lwacinezelwa, utyalo-mali luye lwadodobala, nobudlelwane phakathi kwabasebenzi buye bawohloka, kangangokuba abaphathi abaphambukayo kwindibano yocweyo kwafuneka baphephe imijukujelwa.Kwaba ngo-1979 apho abenzi beemoto baseJapan abakhokelwa yiHonda bafuna iziseko zokuthumela ngaphandle eYurophu, kwaye imveliso yaqala ukwehla.IBritani yazimanya ngoko kwakubizwa ngokuba yiEuropean Economic Community ngowe-1973, nto leyo eyavumela ezi nkampani ukuba zingene kwimarike enkulu.Imithetho yezabasebenzi eguquguqukayo yase-UK kunye nobuchule bobunjineli bongeze kwisibheno.
Into ekhathazayo kukuba iBrexit iya kwenza iinkampani zangaphandle zicinge kwakhona.Ingxelo esemthethweni yeToyota, iNissan, iHonda kunye nabanye abaninzi abenzi beemoto kukuba baya kulinda umphumo weengxoxo eBrussels ngokuwa okulandelayo.Oosomashishini banika ingxelo yokuba ukusukela oko waphulukana nesininzi kunyulo lukaJuni, uTheresa May uzimisele ngakumbi ukubamamela.IKhabhinethi ibonakala ekugqibeleni iqonda ukuba kuza kufuneka ixesha lotshintsho emva kokuba i-United Kingdom ishiye iManyano yaseYurophu ngoMatshi 2019. Kodwa ilizwe lisajonge “kwi-Brexit enzima” kwaye liyishiya imarike enye ye-EU.Ukungazinzi korhulumente omncinci kaNksk.
Ukungaqiniseki kubangele ilahleko.Kwisiqingatha sokuqala se-2017, utyalo-mali lokwenziwa kweemoto lwehla ukuya kwi-322 yezigidi zeeponti (i-406 yezigidi zeedola zase-US), xa kuthelekiswa ne-1.7 yeebhiliyoni zeeponti kwi-2016 kunye ne-2.5 yeebhiliyoni zeeponti ngo-2015. Imveliso iyancipha.Omnye umphathi ukholelwa ukuba, njengoko uNksz Mei uye wachaza, ithuba lokufumana ukufikelela kwimarike ekhethekileyo yeemoto "zero".UMike Hawes we-SMMT, iqumrhu loshishino, uthe nokuba isivumelwano sifikelelwe, ngokuqinisekileyo siya kuba sibi kuneemeko zangoku.
Kwimeko embi kakhulu, ukuba akukho sivumelwano sorhwebo sifikelelwayo, imithetho yoMbutho woRhwebo weHlabathi iya kuthetha umrhumo we-10% kwiimoto kunye ne-4.5% yoluhlu lweerhafu kwiinxalenye.Oku kunokubangela ingozi: ngokuqhelekileyo, i-60% yeengxenye zemoto ezenziwe e-UK zithunyelwa kwi-European Union;ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa kweemoto, ezinye iindawo ziya kubuya ziphinde zibuye phakathi kwe-UK neYurophu amaxesha amaninzi.
Umnumzana Hawes uthe kuya kuba nzima kubenzi beemoto kwimarike enkulu ukuba boyise amaxabiso.Imida yenzuzo eYurophu i-avareji ye-5-10%.Utyalo-mali olukhulu lwenze uninzi lweefektri zase-UK zasebenza kakuhle, ngoko ke kukho indawo encinci yokunciphisa iindleko.Ithemba elinye kukuba iinkampani zikulungele ukubheja ukuba iBrexit iya kunciphisa ngokusisigxina iponti ukuze ihlawule iirhafu;ukususela kwi-referendum, i-pound iwile i-15% ngokumelene ne-euro.
Nangona kunjalo, imirhumo isenokungabi yeyona ngxaki inkulu.Ukwaziswa kolawulo lwempahla engena kweli lizwe kuya kuthintela ukuhamba kweenxalenye kwi-English Channel, ngaloo ndlela kuthintela ucwangciso lomzi-mveliso.Uluhlu lwe-wafer oluncinci lunokunciphisa iindleko.Uluhlu lwamalungu amaninzi lugubungela kuphela isiqingatha sexesha lemveliso yosuku, ngoko ke ukuhamba okuqikelelweyo kubalulekile.Inxalenye yokuhanjiswa kumzi-mveliso wakwaNissan Sunderland icwangciselwe ukugqitywa kwimizuzu eli-15.Ukuvumela ukuhlolwa kwezithethe kuthetha ukugcina uluhlu lweempahla ezinkulu ngexabiso eliphezulu.
Ngaphandle kwale miqobo, ngaba abanye abenzi beemoto baza kulandela iBMW kwaye batyala imali e-UK?Ukusukela kuvoto, iBMW ayikuphela kwenkampani ebhengeza iiprojekthi ezintsha.KweyeDwarha, uNissan uthe bazakuvelisa isizukulwana esilandelayo iiSUV zeQashqai kunye neX-Trail eSunderland.Ngenyanga yoKwindla kulo nyaka, abakwaToyota bathi baza kutyala imali ekwi-240 yezigidi zeeponti ukuze kwakhiwe umzi-mveliso kwingingqi esembindini.AbakwaBrexiteers bacaphula oku njengobungqina bokuba ishishini liya kugungqa.
Lithemba elo.Esinye isizathu sotyalo-mali lwakutsha nje lixesha elide loshishino lweemoto: kunokuthatha iminyaka emihlanu ukususela ekuqalisweni kwemodeli entsha ukuya kwimveliso, ngoko isigqibo senziwe kwangaphambili.UNissan wayecwangcise ukutyala imali eSunderland kangangexesha elithile.Enye inketho ye-BMW eNetherlands ithetha ukusebenzisa umenzi wekhontrakthi endaweni yefektri ephethwe yi-BMW-ukhetho olunobungozi kwiimodeli ezibalulekileyo.
Ukuba umzi-mveliso sele uvelisa olu hlobo lwemoto, kunengqiqo ukwenza inguqu entsha yemodeli ekhoyo (njengeMini yombane).Xa ukwakhiwa kwemodeli entsha ukusuka phezulu, ii-automakers zinokuthi zikhangeleke phesheya kolwandle.Oku sele kuchaziwe kwisicwangciso sikaBMW.Nangona iiMini ziya kuhlanganiswa eOxford, iibhetri kunye neenjini eziqulathe zonke iitekhnoloji ezintsha zobuchule ziya kuphuhliswa eJamani.
Enye into ebangele esi sibhengezo emva kovoto yayikukuphembelela ngamandla urhulumente.I-Nissan kunye ne-Toyota bafumana "iziqinisekiso" ezingachazwanga kumphathiswa ukuba izithembiso zabo aziyi kubavumela ukuba bahlawule kwiipokotho zabo emva kweBrexit.Urhulumente wala ukubhengeza eyona nto ibhalwe kwesi sithembiso.Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni na, akunakwenzeka ukuba kuya kubakho imali eyaneleyo kubo bonke abatyali-zimali abanokubakho, ishishini ngalinye, okanye ngokungenasiphelo.
Eminye imizi-mveliso ijongene neengozi ezikhawulezileyo.NgoMatshi walo nyaka, i-French PSA Group yafumana i-Opel, evelisa iVauxhall e-UK, enokuba ziindaba ezimbi kubasebenzi baseVauxhall.I-PSA iya kufuna ukunciphisa iindleko ukuthethelela ukufunyanwa, kwaye iifektri ezimbini zeVauxhall zisenokuba kuluhlu.
Ayizizo zonke ii-automakers eziya kuphuma.Njengoko umphathi ka-Aston Martin uAndy Palmer wachazayo, iimoto zakhe zemidlalo ezibizayo azifanelekanga kubantu abangakhathali ngamaxabiso.Kukwanjalo nakwiRolls-Royce phantsi kweBMW, iBentley kunye neMcLaren phantsi kweVolkswagen.IJaguar Land Rover, eyona mveliso inkulu yemoto yaseBritani, ithumela ngaphandle kuphela i-20% yemveliso yayo kwiManyano yaseYurophu.Imarike yasekhaya inkulu ngokwaneleyo ukugcina imveliso ethile yasekhaya.
Nangona kunjalo, uNick Oliver weSikolo soShishino seDyunivesithi yase-Edinburgh uthe amaxabiso aphezulu anokukhokelela “kuhambo olucothayo, olungayekiyo lokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe.”Nokunciphisa okanye ukurhoxisa iintengiselwano zabo kuya kulimaza ukhuphiswano.Njengoko uthungelwano lwababoneleli basekhaya kunye namanye amashishini ecutheka, ii-automakers ziyakufumana kunzima ukufumana iinxalenye.Ngaphandle kotyalo-mali olukhulu kubuchwepheshe obutsha obufana nombane kunye nokuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo, iiplanti zendibano zaseBritane ziya kuxhomekeka ngakumbi kwizinto ezithengwe kumazwe angaphandle.Ingozi yemoto yenzeke ngokuqhwanyaza kweliso.I-Brexit inokuba neziphumo ezinobungozi ezifanayo zokucotha.
Eli nqaku livele kwicandelo lase-UK loshicilelo loshicilelo phantsi kwesihloko esithi "Ukukhawulezisa okuncinci, imiba ephambili"
Ukususela ekupapashweni kwayo ngoSeptemba 1843, iye yanenxaxheba “kusukuzwano oluqatha phakathi kokwanda kobukrelekrele nokungazi nto okucekisekayo, nokungazithembi nto leyo ethintela inkqubela yethu.”
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-23-2021